Kugcola ngulenye yetintfo letibaluleke kakhulu letibangela .ivalvumonakalo. Ngako-ke, nga-ivalvukuvikelwa, valve anti-kugcola kuyindaba lebalulekile lokufanele uyicabangele.
Ivalvulifomu lekugcola
Kugcola kwetinsimbi kubangelwa kakhulu kugcola kwemakhemikhali kanye nekugcola kwe-electrochemical, futsi kugcola kwetintfo letingekho tinsimbi kuvame kubangelwa tento leticondzile temakhemikhali kanye netemtimba.
1. Kugcola ngemakhemikhali
Ngaphansi kwesimo sekutsi kute umfutfo lokhicitwako, lendzawo letungeletile iyahlangana ngco nalensimbi bese iyayibhubhisa, njengekugcola kwensimbi ngegesi leyomile lenekushisa lokusetulu kanye nesisombululo lesingasiyo i-electrolytic.
2. Kugcola kwe-Galvanic
Lensimbi itsintsana ne electrolyte, lokuholela ekugeleteni kwema electrons, loku kwenta kutsi yona ilimale ngesento se electrochemical, lokuyindlela leyinhloko yekugcola.
Kugcola lokuvamile kwesisombululo seluswayi lwe esidi-base, kugcola kwemoya, kugcola kwemhlabatsi, kugcola kwemanti elwandle, kugcola kwema microbial, kugcola kwemigodzi kanye nekugcola kwe crevice yensimbi lengagucuki, njll, konkhe kugcola kwe electrochemical. Electrochemical kugcola akugcini nje kwenteka emkhatsini wetintfo letimbili letingadlala indzima yemakhemikhali, kepha futsi kukhicita umehluko longaba khona ngenca umehluko lokuhlushwa isisombululo, umehluko lokuhlushwa umoya-mpilo ezungezile, umehluko kancane esakhiweni intfo, njll, futsi utfola emandla ekugcola, ngako-ke lensimbi le plate le phansi le d potential kanye.
Lizinga lekugcola kwevalve
Izinga lokugcola lingahlukaniswa libe ngemabanga lasitfupha:
(1) Kumelana nekugcola ngalokuphelele: lizinga lekugcola lingaphansi kwa-0.001 mm/umnyaka .
(2) Kumelana nekugcola kakhulu: lizinga lekugcola 0.001 kuya ku 0.01 mm/umnyaka
(3) Kumelana nekugcola: lizinga lekugcola 0.01 kuya ku 0.1 mm/umnyaka
(4) Kusamelana nekugcola: lizinga lekugcola 0.1 kuya ku 1.0 mm/umnyaka
(5) Kumelana nekugcola lokubi: lizinga lekugcola 1.0 kuya ku 10 mm/umnyaka
(6) Akumelani nekugcola: lizinga lekugcola likhulu kune-10 mm/umnyaka .
Tinyatselo letiyimfica tekulwa nekugcola
1. Khetsa tintfo letimelana nekugcola ngekuya kwendlela yekugcola .
Ekukhiciteni kwangempela, kugcola kwemkhatsi kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, noma ngabe tintfo tevalve letisetjentiswako kulendzawo lefanako tiyafana, kugcila, kushisa kanye nekucindzeteleka kwemkhatsi kwehlukile, futsi kugcola kwemkhatsi kuya kulentfo akufani. Kuyo yonkhe 10°C kukhula kwekushisa lokusemkhatsini, lizinga lekugcola likhula ngetikhatsi letingu 1 ~ 3.
Lokucuketfwe lokusemkhatsini kunelitfonya lelikhulu ekugcobeni kwetintfo te valve, njenge lead lekhona ku sulfuric acid ngekugcwala lokuncane, lokugcoba kuncane kakhulu, futsi uma lokucuketfwe kwedlula 96%, lokugcoba kukhuphuka kakhulu. Insimbi ye Carbon, ngekuphikisana, inekugcola lokukhulu kakhulu uma isulphuric acid lekhona ingaba ngu 50%, futsi uma lendzawo lekhuphuka ibe ngetulu kwa 60%, kugcola kwehla kakhulu. Sibonelo, i-aluminium iyagcoba kakhulu ku-nitric acid lecinile lenekugcizelela lokungetulu kwa-80%, kepha iyagcoba kakhulu ku-nitric acid lesemkhatsini nalephansi, futsi insimbi lengagucuki imelana kakhulu ne-nitric acid lencibilikile, kepha iyakhula kakhulu ku-nitric acid lecijile lengetulu kwa-95%.
Kuletibonelo letingenhla, kungabonakala kutsi kukhetsa lokufanele kwetintfo tevalve kufanele kusekelwe esimeni lesitsite, kuhlatiya tintfo letehlukahlukene letitsintsa kugcola, bese kukhetsa tintfo ngekuya kwetincwadzi letifanele tekulwa nekugcola.
2. Sebentisa tintfo letingekho ensimbi
Kumelana nekugcola lokungekho ensimbi kuhle kakhulu, uma nje lizinga lekushisa kanye nekucindzeteleka kwevalve kuhlangabetana netidzingo tetintfo letingekho ensimbini, akukhoni kuphela kucatulula inkinga yekugcola, kepha futsi kugcine tinsimbi letiligugu. Umtimba we valve, ibhonethi, lining, indzawo yekuvala kanye naletinye tintfo letivame kusetjentiswa letingekho ensimbini kwentiwa.
Emapulasitiki lafana ne PTFE kanye ne chlorinated polyether, kanye nerabha yemvelo, i-neoprene, iraba ye-nitrile kanye naletinye iraba tisetjentiselwa kufaka luhlangotsi lwevalve, futsi umtimba lomkhulu webhonethi yemtimba wevalve wentiwa ngensimbi lephosiwe kanye nensimbi yekhabhoni. Akugcini nje ngekucinisekisa emandla evalve, kepha kuphindze kucinisekise kutsi ivalve ayigcobi.
Kulamalanga, emapulasitiki lamaningi lafana ne nylon kanye ne PTFE ayasetjentiswa, futsi irabha yemvelo kanye nerabha yekwentiwa kusetjentiswa kwenta tindzawo letehlukene tekuvala kanye netindandatho tekuvala, letisetjentiswa kuma valve lehlukahlukene. Letintfo letingekho tensimbi letisetjentiswa njengetindzawo tekuvala atigcini nje ngekumelana kahle nekugcola, kepha tiphindze tibe nekusebenta lokuhle kwekuvala, lokufanele kakhulu kusetjentiswa etindzabeni letinetinhlayiya. Kuliciniso, aticinile futsi tiyamelana nekushisa, futsi libanga lekusebenta lilinganiselwe.
3. Kuphatfwa kwemhlabatsi wensimbi
(1) Kuhlanganiswa kwevalve: Lomnenke wekuhlanganiswa kwevalve uvame kulashwa ngekutsi kufakwe i-galvanizing, kufaka i-chrome, kanye ne-oxidation (luhlata sasibhakabhaka) kwentela kwenta ncono likhono lekumelana nekugcola kwemkhatsi kanye nalokusemkhatsini. Ngekwengeta kuletindlela letishiwo ngenhla, letinye tintfo tekubopha nato tiphatfwa ngetindlela tekwelapha letisetulu letifana ne phosphating ngekuya kwesimo.
(2) Kuvala indzawo kanye netincenye letivaliwe letine diameter lencane: tinchubo tendzawo letifana ne nitriding kanye ne boronizing tisetjentiswa kwenta ncono kumela kwayo kwekugcola kanye nekumelana nekugcoka.
(3) Kulwa nekugcola kwesicu: ku nitriding, boronization, kufaka i-chrome, kufaka i-nickel kanye naletinye tindlela tekwelapha indzawo tisetjentiswa kakhulu kwenta ncono kumelana kwayo nekugcola, kumelana nekugcola kanye nekumelana nekuguga.
Kuphatfwa kwemhlabatsi lokwehlukene kumele kulungele tintfo letehlukene tesicu kanye netindzawo tekusebenta, emkhatsini, umhwamuko wemanti losemkhatsini kanye nesicu sekutsintsana sekupakisha kwe-asbestos, kungasebentisa kufaka i-chrome lecinile, inchubo ye-nitriding yegesi (insimbi lengagucuki akukafaneli isebentise inchubo ye-ion nitriding): ku-hydrogen sulfide ye-hydrogen sulfide lesetulu ye-electroni-phorus ine-phoviron lephakeme. kusebenta lokuncono kwekuvikela; 38CrMOAIA ingaphindze ibe nekumelana nekugcola nge ion kanye negesi nitriding, kepha kugcoka kwe chrome lokucinile akukafaneli kusetjentiswa; 2Cr13 ingamelana nekugcola kwe-ammonia ngemuva kwekucima kanye nekufutfumala, futsi lensimbi yekhabhoni lesebentisa igesi nitriding ingaphindze imelane nekugcola kwe-ammonia, kantsi tonkhe tincenye tekugcoba te-phosphorus-nickel atimelani nekugcola kwe-ammonia, futsi igesi ye-nitriding 38CrMOAIA impahla inendlela lenhle kakhulu yekumelana nekugcola kanye nekucondza.
(4) Umtimba wevalve lencane kanye nelisondvo lesandla: Iphindze ivame kufakwa i-chrome kute yente ncono kumelana kwayo nekugcola futsi ihlobise levalve.
4. Kufafata ngekushisa
Kufafata ngekushisa luhlobo lwendlela yenchubo yekulungisa tintfo tekugcoka, futsi sekube ngulobunye bebuchwepheshe lobusha bekuvikela indzawo yetintfo. Kuyindlela yekucinisa inchubo lesebentisa imithombo yekushisa lesetulu yemandla (lilangabi lekushisa igesi, i-arc kagesi, i-plasma arc, kushisa kwagezi, kuqhuma kwegesi, njll.) kushisa nekuncibilikisa insimbi noma tintfo letingekho ensimbi, bese uyatifafata ku-pretreated surfatomization lesisekelo ngendlela ye-co-heatization, ngesikhatsi lesifanako, kute kutsi le coating incibilike futsi ebusweni be substrate kwakha inchubo yekucinisa ebusweni yekufafata ungqimba lwekushelela.
Tinsimbi letinyenti kanye netinhlanganisela tato, i-metal oxide ceramics, i-cermet composites kanye netinhlanganisela tensimbi leticinile tingagcotjwa ensimbini noma tintfo letingekho tensimbi ngendlela yinye noma letinyenti tekufafata letishisako, letingenta ncono kumelana nekugcola kwemhlabatsi, kumelana nekugcoka, kumelana nekushisa lokusetulu kanye naletinye tintfo tetinsita, kanye nekuhlala sikhatsi lesidze. Kufafata lokushisako lokukhetsekile lokusebenta, ngekuvikela kushisa, kuvikela (noma gezi longakavami), kuvala lokugayako, kutigcobisa, imisebe leshisako, kuvikela kwe-electromagnetic kanye naletinye tintfo letikhetsekile, kusetjentiswa kwekufafata lokushisako kungalungisa tincenye.
5. Futsa pende
Kugcobisa kuyindlela lesetjentiswa kakhulu yekulwa nekugcola, futsi kuyintfo ledzingekako yekulwa nekugcola kanye neluphawu lwekukhomba kumikhicito yemavalvu. Kugcobisa kuphindze kube yintfo lengasiyo yensimbi, levame kwentiwa nge resin yekwentiwa, rubber slurry, oyili wetibhidvo, solvent, njll, kumbonya indzawo yensimbi, kuhlukanisa lokusemkhatsini kanye nemoya, kanye nekufeza inhloso yekulwa nekugcola.
Tintfo tekugcobisa tisetjentiswa kakhulu emantini, emantini laneluswayi, emantini elwandle, emkhatsini kanye naletinye tindzawo letingagcobi kakhulu. Umgodzi wangekhatsi wevalve uvame kupendwa ngepende levikela kugcola kuvikela emanti, umoya kanye naletinye tintfo kutsi tingagcobi levalve .
6. Faka tintfo letivimbela kugcola
Indlela lapho khona tivimbeli tekugcola tilawula kugcola kutsi tikhutsata i-polarization yebhethri. Tivimbeli tekugcola tisetjentiswa kakhulu etindzabeni kanye netigcwalisi. Kufakwa kwetintfo letivimbela kugcola kulendzawo lesemkhatsini kungenta kutsi kugcola kwetintfo tekusebenta kanye nemavalvu, njenge chromium-nickel insimbi lengagucuki ku sulfuric acid lengenamoya, libanga lelikhulu lekuncibilika libe sesimeni sekushiswa, kugcola kuyintfo lembi kakhulu, kepha kwengeta linani lelincane le nitric acid ibe yi stailate noma simo lesibutsakatsaka, etulu kwefilimu levikelako kuvikela kuguguleka kwemkhatsi, ku hydrochloric acid, uma kungetwa linani lelincane le oxidant, kugcola kwe titanium kungancishiswa.
Kuhlolwa kwemfutfo wevalve kuvame kusetjentiswa njengendlela yekuhlolwa kwemfutfo, lokulula kubangela kugcola kweivalvu, futsi kwengeta i-sodium nitrite lencane emantini kungavikela kugcola kwevalve ngemanti. Kupakisha kwe Asbestos kucuketse i chloride, legucula sicu se valve kakhulu, futsi lokucuketfwe yi chloride kungancishiswa uma indlela yekugeza ngemanti lashisako yamukelwa, kepha lendlela kumatima kakhulu kuyisebentisa, futsi ayikhoni kutsandvwa jikelele, futsi ilungele tidzingo letikhetsekile kuphela.
Kute kuvikelwe sicu sevalvi futsi kuvikelwe kugcola kwekupakisha kwe-asbestos, ekupakisheni kwe-asbestos, sivimbeli sekugcola kanye nensimbi yekunikela kugcotjwe esicu sevalvi, sivimbeli sekugcola sakhiwe nge-sodium nitrite kanye ne-sodium chromate, lekungakhicita ifilimu ye-passivation ye-corpromprov ye-surve sicu se valve, futsi le solvent ingenta le inhibitor yekugcola incibilike kancane kancane bese idlala indzima yekugcobisa; Empeleni, iZinc iphindze ibe yintfo levimbela kugcola, lekungacala kuhlangana ne chloride ku asbestos, kwentela kutsi le chloride kanye nelitfuba lekutsintsana nensimbi yesicu kuncishiswe kakhulu, kwentela kufeza inhloso yekulwa nekugcola.
7. Kuvikelwa ngemakhemikhali agezi
Kukhona tinhlobo letimbili tekuvikelwa kwe-electrochemical: kuvikelwa kwe-anodic kanye nekuvikelwa kwe-cathodic. Uma iZinc isetjentiswa kuvikela insimbi, iZinc iyagcola, iZinc ibitwa ngekutsi yinsimbi yekuhlabela, emsebentini wekukhicita, kuvikela kwe anode kusetjentiswa kancane, kuvikela kwe cathodic kusetjentiswa kakhulu. Lendlela yekuvikela ye cathodic isetjentiselwa emavalvu lamakhulu kanye nemavalvu labalulekile, lokuyindlela leyonga imali, lelula nalephumelelako, futsi iZinc ifakwa ekupakisheni kwe asbestos kuvikela sicu se valve.
8. Lawula indzawo legugile .
Lokubitwa ngekutsi yindzawo kunetinhlobo letimbili temcondvo lobanti kanye nemcondvo lomncane, umcondvo lomkhulu wemvelo usho imvelo letungelete indzawo yekufakwa kwevalve kanye nendlela yayo yekujikeleta lengekhatsi, bese umcondvo lomncane wemvelo usho timo letitungelete indzawo yekufakwa kwevalve.
Tindzawo letiningi atilawuleki, futsi tinchubo tekukhicita angeke tishintjwe ngekungacabangi. Kuphela esimeni sekutsi ngeke kube nemonakalo kumkhicito kanye nenchubo, indlela yekulawula imvelo ingatsatfwa, njenge deoxygenation emanti ebhoyila, alkali kwengeta enchubeni yekucolisa oyili kulungisa linani le PH, njll Kusukela kuleliphuzu umbono, kwengeta inhibitors yekugcola kanye ne electrorosive indlela yekulawula ku . indzawo lesiphila kuyo.
Umkhatsi ugcwele lutfuli, umhwamuko wemanti kanye nentfutfu, ikakhulu endzaweni yekukhicita, njenge smoke brine, emagesi lanebuthi kanye nemphuphu lencane lekhishwa yimishini, lokutawubangela emazinga lehlukahlukene ekugcola ku valve. Umsebentisi kumele ahlante njalo futsi ahlante ivalve bese ugcwalisa njalo ngekuya kwetinhlinzeko tetinchubo tekusebenta, lokusilinganiso lesiphumelelako sekulawula kugcola kwemvelo. Kufaka sivalo sekuvikela esicumbini sevalve, kubeka umgodzi wemhlabatsi evalve lephansi, kanye nekufafata pende etulu kwevalve tonkhe tindlela tekuvikela tintfo letiguculako kutsi tingagucukiivalvu.
Kukhula kwekushisa lokukhona kanye nekungcola kwemoya, ikakhulukati kwetintfo tekusebenta kanye nemavalvu endzaweni levaliwe, kutawusheshisa kugcola kwawo, futsi ema workshops lavulekile noma tindlela tekufaka umoya kanye nekupholisa kumele tisetjentiswe ngendlela lekhonakalako kwentela kunciphisa kugcola kwemvelo.
9. Nconota tebucwepheshe tekucubungula kanye nesakhiwo sevalve
Kuvikelwa kwekulwa nekugcola kweivalvuyinkinga lebeyicatjangwa kusukela ekucaleni kwekuklama, futsi umkhicito wevalve lonekwakhiwa kwesakhiwo lesinengcondvo kanye nendlela yenchubo lefanele akungabateki kutsi utawuba nemtselela lomuhle ekunciphiseni kugcola kwevalve. Ngako-ke, litiko lekuklama nekukhicita kufanele lente ncono tincenye letingakacabangeki ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, letingakalungi etindleleni tenchubo futsi letilula kubangela kugcola, kute tivumelane netidzingo tetimo letehlukene tekusebenta.
Sikhatsi sekuposa: Indlovana-22-2025
