Bantfu bavame kucabanga kutsi .ivalvuyensimbi lengagucuki futsi angeke igcobe. Uma kwenteka, kungaba yinkinga yensimbi. Lona ngumcondvo longakalungi loneluhlangotsi lunye mayelana nekungavisisi insimbi lengagucuki, lephindze ingagcoba ngaphansi kwetimo letitsite.
Insimbi lengagucuki inemandla ekumelana ne-oxidation lesemkhatsini .—lokusho kutsi, kumelana nekugcola, futsi kuphindze kube nemandla ekugcola etindzabeni leticuketse ema esidi, ema alkalis, kanye netinsawoti .—lokusho kutsi, kumelana nekugcola. Nomakunjalo, bukhulu bemandla ayo ekulwa nekugcola bushintjwa ngekwakheka kwemakhemikhali ensimbi yayo yona, simo sekuvikela, timo tekusebentisa kanye neluhlobo lwetindzaba temvelo.
Insimbi lengagucuki ivame kuhlukaniswa ibe:
Imvamisa, ngekuya kwesakhiwo se metallographic, insimbi levamile lengagucuki ihlukaniswe ngetigaba letintsatfu: insimbi lengagucuki ye austenitic, insimbi lengagucuki ye ferritic, kanye nensimbi lengagucuki ye martensitic. Ngesisekelo saletakhiwo letintsatfu letisisekelo te metallographic, ngetidzingo letitsite kanye netinjongo, tinsimbi letinetigaba letimbili, tinsimbi leticinisa imvula kanye netinsimbi letine-alloy lesetulu letinensimbi lengaphansi kwa 50% tiyasuselwa.
1. Insimbi lengagucuki ye-Austenitic.
Le matrix ibuswa yisakhiwo se austenite (sigaba se CY) sesakhiwo se cubic crystal lesisemkhatsini webuso, lesingekho emagnetic, futsi siciniswa kakhulu ngekusebenta lokubandzako (futsi kungaholela etimphahleni letitsite temagnetic) insimbi lengagucuki. Sikhungo Sensimbi Nensimbi saseMelika sikhonjwe ngetinombolo letiseluchungechungeni lwa-200 na-300, njenga-304.
2. Insimbi lengagucuki ye-ferritic.
I matrix ngu ibuswa sakhiwo se ferrite ((sigaba) sesakhiwo se cubic crystal lesisemkhatsini wemtimba, lesine magnetic futsi ngalokuvamile angeke siciniswe ngekushisa, kepha singaciniswa kancane ngekusebenta ngekubandza. Sikhungo Sensimbi Nensimbi sase Melika sibhalwe nga 430 na 446.
3. Insimbi lengagucuki ye-Martensitic.
Le matrix isakhiwo se martensitic (icubic noma cubic lesemkhatsini wemtimba), i-magnetic, futsi timphahla tayo temshini tingalungiswa ngekwelashwa ngekushisa. Sikhungo seNsimbi neNsimbi yase Melika sikhonjwe ngetinombolo letingu 410, 420 kanye na 440. I-Martensite inesakhiwo se-austenite ngesikhatsi sekushisa lokusetulu, futsi uma ipholiswa kuya esigabeni sekushisa sendlu ngesilinganiso lesifanele, lesakhiwo se-austenite singaguculwa sibe yi-martensite (lokusho kutsi, sicinise).
4. Insimbi lengagucuki (lephindvwe kabili).
Le matrix ine austenite kanye ne ferrite lesakhiwo setigaba letimbili, futsi lokucuketfwe yi matrix yesigaba lesincane kuvame kuba mkhulu kune 15%. I-magnetic futsi ingaciniswa ngekusebenta emakhazeni. 329 yinsimbi lejwayelekile ye-duplex. Nawucatsanisa nensimbi lengagucuki ye austenitic, insimbi lenesigaba lesimbili inemandla lamakhulu, futsi kumelana nekugcola kwe intergranular kanye nekugcola kwekucindzeteleka kwe chloride kanye nekugcola kwe pitting kwentiwa ncono kakhulu.
5. Imvula kucinisa insimbi lengagucuki.
Le matrix yi austenite noma sakhiwo se martensitic futsi ingaciniswa ngekucinisa kwemvula. Sikhungo Sensimbi Nensimbi saseMelika sibhalwe ngenombolo yechungechunge ye 600, njenge 630, lokungu 17-4PH.
Kukhuluma ngalokwetayelekile, ngaphezu kwe-alloys, kumelana nekugcola kwensimbi ye-austenitic kuyintfo lenhle kakhulu. Esimeni lesingakagcobi kakhulu, insimbi lengagucuki ye ferritic ingasetjentiswa. Esimeni lesigugile kancane, uma ngabe lentfo idzingeka kutsi ibe nemandla laphakeme Kute kube nemandla noma kucina lokusetulu, insimbi lengagucuki ye martensitic kanye nensimbi lengagucuki lecinisa imvula ingasetjentiswa.
Emabanga ensimbi lengagucuki levamile kanye netimphahla
01 304 Insimbi lengagucuki
Kuyinto lenye yetinsimbi letisetjentiswa kakhulu futsi letisetjentiswa kakhulu te-austenitic. Ilungele kwenta tincenye letidvonswe kujule kanye nemaphayiphi esidi, titja, tincenye tesakhiwo, imitimba yetintfo tekusebenta letehlukahlukene, njll Ingaphindze isetjentiswe kwenta tintfo letingekho emagnetic, letinekushisa lokuphansi kanye nencenye.
02 304L Insimbi lengagucuki
Kute kucatululwe inkinga ye-ultra-low carbon austenitic insimbi lengagucuki yatfutfukiswa ngenca yemvula ye-Cr23C6 lebangela umkhuba lomkhulu wekugcola kwe-intergranular yensimbi lengagucuki ye-304 ngaphansi kwetimo letitsite, simo sayo lesibucayi sekumelana nekugcola kwe-intergranular sincono kakhulu kunaleso se-304 sta. Ngaphandle kwemandla laphansi kancane, letinye timphahla tiyafana nensimbi lengagucuki 321. Isetjentiswa kakhulu kumishini lemelana nekugcola kanye netincenye letingeke tibe ngaphansi kwekwelashwa kwesisombululo ngemuva kwekushisela, futsi ingasetjentiswa kukhicita imitimba yetintfo tekusebenta letehlukahlukene.
03 304H Insimbi lengagucuki
Ligatja langekhatsi lensimbi lengagucuki le 304 linencenye ye carbon mass lengu 0.04%-0.10%, futsi kusebenta kwayo lokusetulu kwekushisa kuncono kunaloko kwensimbi lengagucuki le 304.
04 316 Insimbi lengagucuki
Kufaka iMolybdenum ngesisekelo sensimbi ye 10Cr18Ni12 kwenta lensimbi ibe nekumelana lokuhle ekunciphiseni kugcola lokusemkhatsini kanye nekugcola. Emantini elwandle kanye naletinye tindlela letehlukene, kumelana nekugcola kuncono kune 304 stainless steel, ikakhulu isetjentiselwa tintfo letimelana ne pitting.
05 316L Insimbi lengagucuki
Insimbi lephansi kakhulu yekhabhoni inekumelana lokuhle nekugcola lokubucayi kwe-intergranular futsi ilungele kwenta tincenye letishiselwe kanye nemishini lenetilinganiso tesigaba lesikhulu, njengetintfo letimelana nekugcola emishinini ye-petrochemical.
06 316H Insimbi lengagucuki
Ligatja langekhatsi le 316 yensimbi lengagucuki ine carbon mass fraction lengu 0.04%-0.10%, futsi kusebenta kwayo lokusetulu kwekushisa kuncono kunaloko kwe 316 ensimbi lengagucuki.
07 317 Insimbi lengagucuki
Le pitting kumelana nekugcola kanye nekumelana nekunyonyoba kuncono kunensimbi lengagucuki ye 316L, lesetjentiswa ekwakhiweni kwetintfo tekumelana nekugcola kwe petrochemical kanye ne organic acid.
08 321 Insimbi lengagucuki
Insimbi lengagucuki ye austenitic lecinisiwe nge Titanium, yengeta iTitanium kwenta ncono kumelana nekugcola kwe intergranular, futsi inetintfo letinhle temshini letishisa kakhulu, ingatsatfwa sikhundla sensimbi lengagucuki ye ultra-low carbon austenitic. Ngaphandle kwetikhatsi letikhetsekile letifana nekushisa lokusetulu noma kumelana nekugcola kwe hydrogen, ngalokuvamile akunconywa kutsi kusetjentiswe.
09 347 Insimbi lengagucuki
Niobium-lecinile austenitic insimbi lengagucuki, kwengeta niobium kwenta ncono kumelana nekugcola kwe-intergranular, kumelana nekugcola ku-esidi, alkali, luswayi kanye naletinye tindlela tekugcola kuyafana ne-321 insimbi lengagucuki, kusebenta lokuhle kwekushelela, kungasetjentiswa njengetintfo letimelana nekugcola kanye ne-anti-kugcola ist emasimu, njengekwenta titja, emaphayiphi, tintfo letishintja kushisa, emashafthi, emashubhu esitofu etitofini tetimboni, kanye netilinganiso tekushisa temashubhu esitofu.
10 904L Insimbi lengagucuki
Insimbi lephelele kakhulu ye-austenitic luhlobo lwensimbi lephelele ye-austenitic leyasungulwa yi-OUTOKUMPU eFinland. , Inekumelana lokuhle nekugcola kuma esidi langakhiphi i-oxidizing njenge sulphuric acid, i-acetic acid, i-formic acid kanye ne phosphoric acid, futsi inekumelana lokuhle nekugcola kwe crevice kanye nekumelana nekugcola kwekucindzeteleka. Ilungele lokuhlukene lokuhlukahlukene kwe sulphuric acid ngaphansi kwa 70 .°C, futsi inekumelana lokuhle nekugcola ku acetic acid kanye ne esidi lehlanganisiwe ye formic acid kanye ne acetic acid kunoma ngukuphi kuhlanganiswa kanye nekushisa ngaphansi kwemfutfo lojwayelekile.
11 440C insimbi lengagucuki
Insimbi ye Martensitic inekucina lokusetulu emkhatsini wetinsimbi leticinile leticinile kanye netinsimbi leticinile, ngekucina kwe HRC57. Ikakhulukati isetjentiselwa kwenta imilomo, emabheringi,luvivaneivalvu tinhlavu,luvivaneivalvu titulo, imikhono,ivalvu ticu, njll.
12 17-4PH insimbi lengagucuki
Martensitic imvula kucinisa insimbi lengagucuki ngekucina kwe HRC44 inemandla lamakhulu, kucina kanye nekumelana nekugcola futsi ayikhoni kusetjentiswa emazingeni ekushisa langetulu kwa 300 .°C. Inekumelana lokuhle nekugcola emkhatsini kanye ne esidi lencibilikisiwe noma luswayi. Kumelana kwayo nekugcola kuyafana naleyo yensimbi lengagucuki lengu 304 kanye nensimbi lengagucuki lengu 430. Isetjentiselwa kwenta emapulatifomu laselwandle, emablade e-turbine,luvivaneivalvu (tinhlayiya tevalvu, titulo tevalvu, imikhono, ticu tevalvu) wait.
In ivalvu umklamo kanye nekukhetsa, tinhlelo letehlukahlukene, uchungechunge, kanye nemabanga ensimbi lengagucuki kuvame kuhlangana. Uma ukhetsa, lenkinga kumele icatjangwe kusuka kumibono leminyenti njengenchubo letsite lesemkhatsini, kushisa, kucindzeteleka, tincenye leticindzetelekile, kugcola, kanye netindleko.
Sikhatsi sekuposa: Julayi-20-2022
